交换机：

交换机的功能主要是接收消息并且转发到绑定的队列，交换机不存储消息，在启用 ack模式后，交换机找不到队列会返回错误。交换机有四种类型: Direct，topic,Headers and Fanout;

1. Direct Exchange：Direct Exchange 是 RabbitMQ 默认的交换机模式，也是最简单的模式，根据 key 全文匹配去寻找队列。

2. Topic Exchange

Topic Exchange 转发消息主要是根据通配符。 在这种交换机下，队列和交换机的绑定会

定义一种路由模式，那么，通配符就要在这种路由模式和路由键之间匹配后交换机才能转发

消息

3. Fanout Exchange

Fanout Exchange 消息广播的模式，不管路由键或者是路由模式，会把消息发给绑定给它的

全部队列，如果配置了 routing_key 会被忽略。

4. springboot集成rabbitmq的实现：

1. 配置 pom 包，主要是添加 spring-boot-starter-amqp 的支持

 org.springframework.bootspring-boot-starter-amqp

2. 配置文件

spring:application:name: rabbitmq# 集成RabbitMQrabbitmq:host: 47.103.86.69port: 5672username: lisipassword: 123456

3. 队列配置

1. 简单模式实现：

//配置交换机： Direct Exchange（绑定路邮件的交换机）
@Configuration
public class RabbitConfig {public static final String QUEUE_NAME ="hello";@Beanpublic Queue queue(){return new Queue(QUEUE_NAME);}@Beanpublic Queue queue2(){Queue queue =  new Queue("abc");queue.getArguments().put("x-max-length",5);return queue;}}

//消息的生产者
@Component
public class Sender {@Autowiredprivate AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;/*** 生成消息并放入队列中*/public void sendEmail(String content){//发送的内容
//        String content = "我注册成功了，发送一个邮件！";//要把信息放入队列的名称String queueName = RabbitConfig.QUEUE_NAME;amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(queueName,content);}
}

//消息的接受者 消费者
@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = RabbitConfig.QUEUE_NAME)
@Log4j2
public class Receiver {/*** 接收到消息*/@RabbitHandlerpublic void receiveEmailMessage(String content){log.error("发送邮件，邮件的内容："+content);}}

2. Topic Exchange实现 路由模式

//Topic Exchange 配置
@Configuration
public class TopicConfig {public static final String message = "topic.message";public static final String messages = "topic.messages";//队列message@Beanpublic Queue queueMessage() {return new Queue(TopicConfig.message);}//队列messages@Beanpublic Queue queueMessages() {return new Queue(TopicConfig.messages);}/*创建TopicExchange*/@Beanpublic TopicExchange exchange(){return new TopicExchange("my_topic");}/*** 把队列绑定到TopicExchange上*/@Beanpublic Binding bindingMessage(Queue queueMessage,TopicExchange exchange){return BindingBuilder.bind(queueMessage).to(exchange).with("topic.message");}@Beanpublic Binding bindingMessages(Queue queueMessages,TopicExchange exchange){return BindingBuilder.bind(queueMessages).to(exchange).with("topic.#");}}

//生产者模式 需要制定路由关系  消息推送到那个交换机上
@Component
public class Sender3 {@Autowiredprivate AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;/*** 发送到topic队列的消息*/public void sendTopicMessage(){//交换机名称String exchangeName = "my_topic";amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(exchangeName,"topic.message","我是topic信息");}
}

消费者和简单模式一致

3. Fanout Exchange 广播者模式或者订阅者模式

//订阅者模式交换机和队列之间的路由
@Configuration
public class FanoutConfig {@Beanpublic Queue queueA() {return new Queue("fanout.A");}@Beanpublic Queue queueC() {return new Queue("fanout.C");}@Beanpublic Queue queueB() {return new Queue("fanout.B");}//交换机@Beanpublic FanoutExchange fanoutExchange(){return new FanoutExchange("fanout_exchange");}//把ABC三个队列绑定到fanout_exchange上@Beanpublic Binding bindA(Queue queueA,FanoutExchange fanoutExchange){return BindingBuilder.bind(queueA).to(fanoutExchange);}@Beanpublic Binding bindB(Queue queueB,FanoutExchange fanoutExchange){return BindingBuilder.bind(queueB).to(fanoutExchange);}@Beanpublic Binding bindC(Queue queueC,FanoutExchange fanoutExchange){return BindingBuilder.bind(queueC).to(fanoutExchange);}}

//生产者模式
@Component
public class Sender3 {@Autowiredprivate AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;/*** 发送到fanout队列的消息*/public void sendFanoutMessage(){//交换机名称String exchangeName = "fanout_exchange";amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(exchangeName,"","订阅信息：华尔街日报最新消息");}}

消费者模式和简单模式一致